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Changes in lung aeration with high-flow nasal cannula compared to nasal CPAP in preterm infants
Katheria, A., et al. Journal of Perinatology. 2025
ElT was used to measure lung aeration in 78 preterm infants on nCPAP versus HFNC. While HFNC was non-inferior to nCPAP for overall lung aeration, 25% of infants failed HFNC transition, with failures showing significantly higher dependent silent spaces, indicating greater atelectasis.
Electrical impedance tomography confirmed the impact of the method of delivery of term neonates on early lung aeration
Janulionis, A., et al. Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2025
This study used EIT to evaluate the effect of the mode of delivery (cesarean section versus normal vaginal delivery) on early lung aeration in 52 term neonates after birth. Cesarean section neonates had significantly poorer aeration in gravity-dependent lung regions compared to NVD.
Electrical Impedance Tomography During Mechanical Ventilation
Walsh, B.K., et al. Respiratory Care. 2016
This review examines EIT's role in optimizing mechanical ventilation through real-time regional lung assessment, including PEEP titration, detection of pneumothoraces, quantification of pulmonary edema, and comparative analysis of ventilation distribution across different ventilatory modes.
Rescue nasopharyngeal tube for preterm infants non-responsive to initial ventilation after birth
Belting, C., et al. Pediatric Research. 2024
EIT was used to assess lung volume changes during rescue nasopharyngeal tube (NPT) insertion in preterm infants non-responsive to initial facemask ventilation. NPT insertion resulted in significant increases in End Expiratory Lung Impedance, correlating with improvements in clinical parameters.
A Quality Improvement Bundle to Improve Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants in the First Week
Citation: Travers CP, et al. Pediatrics. 2022
The NICU at University of Alabama at Birmingham's implemented a bundle of evidence-based practices, including transcutaneous CO2 monitoring, which resulted in a decrease in the rate of severe ICH or death from 27.4% to 15.0%.
Effect of In-Line Intrapulmonary Percussive Ventilation on Respiratory Pressures During Simulated Pediatric Invasive Ventilation
Willis, D., et al. Respiratory Care. 2021.
This pediatric model found that "IPV caused greater changes in pressures in volume control (VC) and pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC) modes, with less impact in pressure control (PC) mode"
Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation superimposed on conventional mechanical ventilation: comparison of volume controlled and pressure controlled modes
Riffard G, et al. Respiratory Care. 2013.
The authors of this study assessed intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) superimposed on mechanical ventilation and recommend using PC-CMV to deliver IPV therapy.
Impact of continuous transcutaneous CO2 monitoring on ventilation management in preterm infants on high-frequency ventilation
Bernatzky, Agustin et al. Pediatric research. 2025
Sentec Summary: This study of 78 VLBW infants on HFV concluded that continuous tCO2 monitoring is associated with a decreased incidence of hypocapnia and hypercapnia, less blood sampling requirements, and lower incidence of IVH.
Ventilation distribution during spontaneous breathing trials predicts liberation from mechanical ventilation: the VISION study
Phoophiboon, V., et al. Critical Care. 2025
EIT evaluated regional ventilation distribution during spontaneous breathing trials in mechanically ventilated patients. Results revealed that successfully weaned patients had a reduced ventral-to-dorsal ventilation difference, while those with higher differences were more likely to fail weaning.
Electrical impedance tomography monitoring in adult ICU patients: state-of-the-art, recommendations for standardized acquisition, processing, and clinical use, and future directions
Scaramuzzo, G., et al. Critical Care. 2024
This review paper is the result of an expert meeting and discusses the latest recommendations and future directions in EIT acquisition, processing, and applications during both mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing adult ICU patients.
